Rhodamine is a family of related dyes, a subset of the triarylmethane dyes. They are derivatives of xanthene. Rhodamine B is an organic chloride salt, an amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome. It has a role of fluorochrome, a fluorescent probe and a histological dye. Rhodamine dyes have been for many years the dyes of choice in fluorescence labeling.
Aside from their major applications, they are often used as a tracer dye, e.g. to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport of water. Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers.
Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA. There are many Rhodamine derivatives used for imaging purposes, for example Rhodamine Red etc.
Other derivatives of Rhodamine include newer fluorophores which have been tailored for various chemical and biological applications where higher photostability, increased brightness, different spectral characteristics, or different attachment groups are needed.
They are mainly used to dye paper and inks, but they lack the light fastness for fabric dyeing.
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